9^th Global Chemistry Congress July 23-24, 2018 Lisbon, Portugal

Tung-Kung Wu has completed his PhD degree in Biophysics from the Johns Hopkins University and Post-doctoral studies in Chemistry Department from Stanford University. He is appointed as a Professor in the Department of Biological Science and Technology at the National Chiao Tung University. His research interests include interdisciplinary fields of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Medicinal Chemistry. His current research interests mainly focus on the structure-reactivity relationships of glycoenzymes and mode of action of steryl glycosides as drug candidates.

Steryl glycosides consist of a sterol/steroid aglycone and one or more sugar moieties linked through an ether or ester bond. Diverse biological activities including: anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal, anti-microbial, anti-parasitic and anti-tumor activities, and properties such as, cell membrane modification, regulation of host defenses against pathogens, lipid metabolism, and developmental events, have been attributed to this family of natural products. Development of structural diverse steryl glycosides may hold potential to identify candidates for new drug development and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, we functionally express different glycosyltransferases for in vitro synthesis of steryl glycosides with α- or β-configuration specificity. The synthesized steryl glycosides were investigated for their anticancer activity. Interestingly, several steryl glycosides show dose-dependent depression of cell viability and enhanced drug effectiveness on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The structure-reactivity relationships of these glycosyltransferases on substrate‒donor specificities and mode of action of steryl glycosides on anticancer activity will be discussed.

Marra Vera Tarraga has completed her BSc in Chemistry and MSc in Organic Chemistry from Murcia University (Spain). She is currently a PhD student working on the synthesis of bioactive heterocyclic compounds.

Owing to the wide variety of biological activities of heterocyclic compounds comprising a 2-pyrazoline moiety, the development of new preparative methods for this class of compounds has become a subject of great interest. We previously described the first synthesis of 3-aryl-5- dichloromethyl-2-pyrazolines 1 involving chloral and several chloral derivatives. Pyrazolines 1 were able to react with phenyl chloroformate to give the corresponding phenyl pyrazolinecarboxylates 2. These compounds were used as intermediates to obtain carbohydrazides 3, which were used in preparing carbohydrazones 4. A similar reaction sequence but using O-phenyl chlorothioformate instead of phenyl chloroformate provided good approaches to the respective intermediates 5, carbothiohydrazides 6 and carbothiohydrazones 7. The novel substances 3,4,6,7 were assayed to test their antitumoral properties against two leukemia cell lines, resulting IC50 values between: 4.38-20.01 μM (HL-60) and 2.19-17.05 μM (K562).

Adam Juhasz has completed his graduation in Chemistry from the University of Szeged, Hungary, and started working in the MTA-SZTE Biomimetic Research Group, Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Hungary. Currently, he is a PhD candidate. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals.

This work demonstrates the preparation, characterization and drug dissolution of different hyaluronic acid (HyA)-based colloidal drug delivery systems containing hydrophobic ketoprofen (KP), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), as the model drug molecule. Because of the highly hydrophilic character of HyA, the cross-linked derivatives at cross-linking ratio of 50, 75 and 100% have been synthesized to potentially encapsulate a hydrophobic drug. In addition, to achieve the above-mentioned goal, the hydrophobized variants of HyA have also been produced by modifying the structure with positively charged cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant at different HyA monomer/CTAB mass ratios. It was established that the original coherent gel-like structure of the HyA changes into an incoherent colloidal system due to modifications that were verified by rheological investigations. Increase in the cross-linking ratio results in the formation of polydisperse nanoparticles (NPs) in the range of ca. 40-110 nm, while an average diameter of ~100-120 nm was obtained for HyA/CTAB particles. These modified HyA carriers are able to bind KP molecules to varying degrees depending on their chemical structure. Taking into account, the release profiles of the different systems, it can be concluded that nearly 70% of the encapsulated KP molecules dissolve from the totally cross-linked HyA systems but the release rate of KP is about 20% (after 8 h) from the CTAB-modified colloidal system at HyA monomer/CTAB 1:0.8 mass ratio. It was also established that increasing the amount of CTAB, the release of KP turns to diffusion and erosion-controlled way.

Salome Tkemaladze is currently pursuing her Master’s degree. She is a Chemist working at GTU Vladimir Chavchanidze Institute of Cybernetics (Georgia). Her scope of scientific interests includes: chemical science, analytical chemistry, chemical expertise and chemical engineering. She has eight publications, and she has participated in the grant project #216770- “New type fire-extinguishing powders and foam-suspensions based on local mineral raw materials” funded by the National Science Foundation and also participated in some international conferences and congresses which were held in Elenite Holiday Village, Bulgaria; Lisbon, Portugal and Tbilisi, Georgia. She has some years of experience in the study and evaluation of fire-extinguishing and fire-protective materials.

The main goal of our work was to develop of technology for production of new types, halogen less, eco-safe, high-efficient and universal fire-extinguishing powders on the basis of local mineral raw materials. The technology for production of these powders is simple and significantly differs from the serial production technology. Such fire-extinguishing powders are prepared according to the mechanical treatment and mixing of raw materials, which do not require modification with expensive, halogen-containing hydrophobizing additives. On the one hand, it simplifies technological process of production of powder and on the other hand decreases prices of powder. On the basis of experimental results, it is stated that, the received powders are characterized with high performance characteristics and high fire-extinguishing capacity. Thus, they are halogen-free, eco-safe, highly efficient, universal and far cheaper (1.2-2 times cheaper) than imported analogues. Therefore, the received powders will be effectively used for extinguishing of all classes of fires in underground and aboveground objects within large temperature range or, in such low temperatures where CO2, water and Freon cannot be used.

Wesley da Silva Borges has received his PhD in Chemical Engineering from Federal University of Uberlândia and Master’s degree in Chemical Engineering in the development of chemical processes at the same institution. He has a degree in Chemistry in Lutheran Institute of Higher Education of Itumbiara (2006) and Specialization in processing industry sugarcane by the Faculdades Associadas de Uberaba (FAZU). He has experience in Chemistry with emphasis in Chemistry and industrial processes of manufacturing of sugar and alcohol, also experience in Chemical Engineering with emphasis in Biochemistry and Bioprocesses. Currently, he is the Coordinator and Teacher of the Chemistry course at the Lutheran Institute of Higher Education in Itumbiara (ILES/ULBRA), Goiás, Brazil.

Microalgae have been increasingly highlighted as an alternative for carbon dioxide biomitigation due to their ability to use sunlight to convert CO2 into lipids and biomass. Environmental problems, such as gas emissions from the burning of fossil fuels, spur the continually growing search for renewable fuels. Thus, microalgae have become an attractive alternative for carbon dioxide biomitigation due to their ability to use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide into lipids and proteins. Furthermore, microalgae may also become a source of energy, biofuels and biomass. The primary advantages of microalgae over vegetables are twofold. Firstly, microalgae can grow in soils unsuitable for agriculture. Secondly, microalgae require a smaller production area due to their superior productivity over oilseeds. Metals zinc and manganese stand out among the essential micronutrients for algae biomass production. With this in mind, this work studied the growth of Scenedesmus sp. microalgae in Guillard medium and maximize the biomass production. The key conditions investigated included the sources of zinc and manganese, culture time and age of the inoculating culture. The biomass obtained at the optimum conditions: 0.06 g/L of zinc sulfate heptahydrate and 0.5 g/L of manganese chloride tetrahydrate, a 30-day culture period.

Goncagul Serdaroglu has completed her PhD from Cumhuriyet University, in 2008 and Post-doctoral studies from Auburn University, in 2014. Her research interests are on the electronic structure methods and their applications to the medicinal and pharmacologically important molecules. Recently, she has also focused on spectroscopic investigation of organic molecules by using computational tools.

Neuroactive alkaloids have a variety of the pharmaceutical importance because of acting on receptor sites on central nervous system (CNS). The geometric structure optimizations in the gas phase and frequency calculations of each alkaloid have been employed by G09 package. First, the optimized geometries obtained from gas phase calculations of each alkaloid have been used re-optimized in the five different solvents by using the Polarized Continuum Model (PCM) to look for the solvent effect on physicochemical and quantum chemical parameters. Also, the optimized geometry of each compound has been verified by no imaginary frequency in all solvents as well as the gas phase. The important intra-molecular interactions have been evaluated by NBO analysis. The vibrational modes of each compound have been verified by GaussView 4.1 software. The quantum chemical descriptors have been used to predict the chemical stability and reactivity behavior of each compound. Moreover, the MEP diagrams and HOMO, LUMO amplitudes have been illustrated to show the nucleophilic and electrophilic attack site of each compound. All calculations have been conducted at Tubitak Ulakbim, High Performance and Grid Computing Center.

Said Bey has completed his PhD from Bejaia University. He is a Senior Lecturer. He has published papers in reputed journals in the field of membranes technology for waste water treatment and he is developing new configurations of module for membrane contactors such as multiframe flat sheet membrane contactor module, spiral hollow fiber membrane contactor and cross flow hollow fiber membrane contactors tower.

Newly designed, a multi-frame flat sheet membrane contactor (MF-FSMC) was successfully used for chromium (VI) removal from aqueous solution which consist on ten parallel frames alternating aqueous and organic phases. As a result, five chambers were filled by the aqueous phase and the others five was filled by the organic phase. Aliquat-336 was used as a carrier using polypropylene flat sheet membrane for chromium (VI) removal. From the results, we observed that the extraction was more efficient by increasing the inlet chromium concentration and the number of frames but was not affected by the increasing of the thickness of frames (volume of chambers). To determine the interaction between different parameters, a full factorial design of experiment was used. The results show that the concentration of Aliquat-336 was the most important parameter which decreases the efficiency of the system by increasing its concentration. Moreover, the temperature and the surface membrane exchange have a positive effect on the extraction efficiency. However, no interaction effects were found in the considered interval. Hence, a mathematical modal established seems represent correctly the experiences represented by the following equation: E=94.2585+ 0.028 S+ 0.248 T–3.330 C+ 0.110 S*T– 0.283 S*C– 0.702 T*C 0.450 S*T*C As a result, the optimal values of different parameters are 10% of Aliquat-336 concentration, 59.5 cm2 membrane contact area and 40°C for the temperature.